Category: News

International conferences such as the SOMEMMA–SOLAMAC Conference are of central importance for scientific exchange in species conservation. They enable the sharing of current research findings, the development of new collaborations, and the translation of scientific insights into concrete conservation measures. For YAQU PACHA, the focus is on researching populations of endangered species, conserving their habitats, and engaging with local communities. Sustainable conservation of aquatic mammals can only be achieved through collaboration, knowledge exchange, and the active involvement of people.

The most recent SOMEMMA–SOLAMAC conference took place from December 8 to 12, 2025, in Mazatlán, Mexico. It brought together experts and students from across Latin America. SOMEMMA is the Mexican Society for Marine Mammals, and SOLAMAC is the Latin American Network for Research and Conservation of Aquatic Mammals.

As part of its commitment, YAQU PACHA supported the most recentSOMEMMA–SOLAMAC conference and specifically covered travel expenses for students. This enabled young researchers to attend the conference, present their research, and build international networks.

The conference clearly demonstrates how important dialogue is between the scientific community, practitioners, and local stakeholders. Particularly when it comes to the conservation of aquatic mammals in Latin America, this dialogue helps to apply scientific findings in a practical way and develop sustainable solutions.

The results and academic papers from the conference have now been published in an online report (PDF) and are freely available:

👉 (Link to the online book / PDF)

Through this commitment, YAQU PACHA underscores the importance of international cooperation, scientific exchange, and the support of young researchers as the foundation for effective and sustainable species conservation.

On Friday, April 17, we gathered at the Nuremberg Zoo for an inspiring day dedicated entirely to species conservation. At this year’s annual general meeting, we had the honor of welcoming outstanding guest speakers.

Fernando Trujillo of the Fundación Omacha gave an impressive presentation on the threats facing river dolphins worldwide, with a particular focus on the Amazon, one of the most important ecosystems on our planet.

Andrea Milanelli from the Thünen Institute presented new developments aimed at reducing bycatch, including the innovative Pearl Nets, which can prevent the death of endangered species in fishing nets.

In addition, we reported on YAQU PACHA’s current projects and activities throughout Latin America, as well as in Germany and Austria.

For 34 years, YAQU PACHA has stood for dedication, courage, and responsibility in the protection of aquatic species and their habitats. What began as a vision has grown into a strong international network dedicated to the conservation of biodiversity.

A special thank you goes out to all our volunteers, whose dedication and passion make this work possible in the first place.

We would also like to thank our valued partners: Nuremberg Zoo, Duisburg Zoo, Heidelberg Zoo, Düsseldorf Aquazoo, Zoo am Meer, Planète Sauvage, Zoomarine Algarve, Rancho Texas, and many other supporters worldwide.

Together, we show that nature conservation knows no bounds.

Minutes (PDF): 2025 Annual General Meeting

Attention, vaquita fans! To help protect the critically endangered vaquita (Phocoena sinus), T-shirts are now available for order in a wide variety of colors and sizes. By purchasing one, you’ll be directly supporting our vaquita conservation projects and showing what matters to you.

Price: 34.90 EUR – Order from Marios Zoowelt

The species conservation T-shirts are Fairtrade certified, and 5 EUR from every T-shirt sold goes to YAQU PACHA.

YAQU PACHA is pleased to have co-funded, together with the Fundación Azara and the Universidad Maimónides, a new research vessel for the project to protect Lahille’s bottlenose dolphins, led by Dr. Magdalena Arias. For the past four weeks, the boat has been in operation in San Antonio Oeste (Argentina)—one of the most important hotspots for this critically endangered dolphin species. The extended time at sea allows for more frequent surveys and a significantly improved data set.

But why is this so important?
Worldwide, there are now only about 600 Lahille’s bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops gephyreus) remaining across their entire range, making them one of the most endangered small cetaceans in the South Atlantic.
In Argentina alone, the population is estimated at only about 180 animals.

What does the project do on the ground?
As part of the international Gephyreus project , the work goes far beyond mere monitoring.
• Field research and monitoring include boat-based surveys, photo-identification based on dorsal fins, population estimates, survival rates, and analyses of migration patterns.
• Reducing human threats: Investigating interactions with fisheries and supporting risk mitigation measures.
• Mapping key habitats: Identification of key feeding, resting, and breeding areas as a basis for conservation measures.
• Engagement of the local population: Collaboration with fishermen, citizen science programs, and public awareness campaigns.
• International coordination: Networking among Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay within the framework of a One Plan Approach and the International Whaling Commission’s conservation program.

This is not merely a local study—it is a central component of a trilateral conservation strategy that integrates scientific research, concrete conservation measures, and community engagement.

Every additional day at sea brings us one step closer to better understanding this unique and fragile population of Tursiops gephyreus —and to effectively protecting it.

The work of YAQU PACHA and the research vessel is generously supported by partners such as Zoomarine Algarve, Nuremberg Zoo, Duisburg Zoo, Heidelberg Zoo, Rancho Texas Lanzarote Park, and Planète Sauvage.

Congratulations to the winner of the vote!

The Bolivian Ornate Tiger Beetle has won the vote—we extend our heartfelt congratulations on this success and the important attention it brings to species conservation.

We would like to extend our special thanks to everyone who Vaquita (Phocoena sinus) and voted for it. Your votes are a valuable contribution to the protection of this critically endangered species.

The fact that the vaquita made it to the final four in the voting is a tremendous achievement and a strong sign of growing awareness and commitment to this critically endangered species.

Thank you very much for your support!

Visit our SOS Vaquita project

The web series “Estuário dos Saberes – Dialogue Between Tradition and Science” is now available.

The series tells authentic stories from traditional fishermen and researchers about the changes in the Lagoa dos Patos estuary in southern Brazil. It focuses on the interplay between traditional knowledge and modern science.

In three short episodes, the web series explores important topics such as climate change, small-scale fishing, and marine conservation.

These drone shots show a Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) hunting in its natural habitat. This behavior has rarely been documented before and can be seen from the air for the first time in this unique video.

(Video: Lucas Maqui, Aquamarina, Argentina)

Since 1996, YAQU PACHA has been working with its partner organizations to protect this highly endangered species of dolphin, which is primarily threatened by bycatch.

A new scientific study shows that southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) react sensitively to boats even when existing regulations are followed, particularly mother-calf pairs in their key refuge areas off the Brazilian coast.
Using drones and theodolites, researchers were able to record the animals’ behavioral changes with exceptional precision for the first time. The results are clear: in the presence of boats, the animals swim faster, alter their movement patterns, and reduce behaviors that are important for the calves’ development.
Particularly critical is the fact that the currently applicable minimum distance of 120 meters is insufficient to avoid these effects. Only at a distance of about 160 meters do the behaviors return to a state closer to natural.
The study was conducted as part of a master’s thesis at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá in Brazil and provides an important scientific foundation for the further development of management measures in right whale whale watching.
This research was made possible by YAQU PACHA with support from Zoomarine Portugal, Nuremberg Zoo, and Duisburg Zoo.
YAQU PACHA follows a clear approach: science as the foundation for effective conservation.
Only through reliable data can sustainable decisions be made—for animals, habitats, and people.
The message is clear: whale watching can be part of the solution—but only if we respect the animals’ boundaries.

In 2025, long-term monitoring of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) continued in Mucuripe Bay near Fortaleza, Brazil. The project is carried out by the Brazilian organization Aquasis and aims to monitor the population of this coastal species over the long term, document their health status, and better understand the impacts of human activities on their habitat.
The research is conducted as part of regular boat expeditions, during which the animals can be individually identified via photo-identification based on their dorsal fins. This allows for the analysis of population size, survival rates, reproduction, and migration patterns over many years. Such long-term data is an indispensable foundation for effective conservation measures.
During fieldwork, numerous potential threats were identified, including heavy boat traffic, gillnet fishing, plastic waste, and various recreational activities in the coastal area. These factors can affect the dolphins’ behavior, health, and long-term survival and highlight the urgent need for continuous monitoring and improved management of the coastal zone.
The protection of Guiana dolphins, Sotalia guianensis , is representative of many coastal species whose habitats are under pressure worldwide due to human use. Long-term scientific projects are therefore a central component of modern conservation strategies in line with the One Plan Approach.
This project is made possible by the ongoing support of Zoomarine Portugal, Nuremberg Zoo, Rancho Texas, and Duisburg Zoo, whose long-term commitment plays a crucial role in implementing research and conservation measures for endangered coastal dolphins.
We thank all partners for their continued trust and support in protecting marine biodiversity.

The third issue of the Gephyreus Project newsletter is now available. It summarizes current highlights and important developments regarding the conservation of the Lahille's bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) in southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina.

A key focus of this issue is the species’ reclassification as “Endangered” on the IUCN Red List —a significant milestone for international species conservation. The newsletter also reports on the national workshop on the conservation of the Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin, which took place in Argentina and brought together experts from the fields of science, conservation, and government agencies.

Other activities include the Gephyreus project’s participation in the 2025 SOMEMMA–SOLAMAC Congress, where current research findings and conservation strategies were presented, as well as various public outreach and educational initiatives. These include, among other things, the unveiling of a life-size replica of the Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin in Rio Grande and participation in TEDx Laçador to raise public awareness about the conservation of this endangered dolphin species.

The newsletter once again underscores the Gephyreus project’s commitment to rigorous scientific research, international collaboration, and active dialogue with society.

For over 15 years, Teddy Hermann, based in Hirschaid, has supported us as a reliable partner alongside YAQU PACHA e.V. This exceptionally long and continuous collaboration is a strong testament to a commitment to responsibility and genuine dedication to species conservation.

Thanks to Teddy Hermann, we have been able to work continuously for many years to conserve endangered species, their habitats, and the people who live there. It is precisely this long-term support that is invaluable in nature conservation, because sustainable conservation efforts require time, perseverance, and partners who are committed to this journey for the long haul.

Our President, Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, sums up just how important this partnership is to us:
“The example of Teddy Hermann shows how important species conservation is to this company. It is particularly noteworthy that this partnership has lasted for over 15 years. And for us as an organization, it is important to have partners who remain loyal to us over the years.”

This year alone, Teddy Hermann has donated €6,200 to YAQU PACHA. This support goes directly to our international wildlife conservationand community projects, providing assistance where it is most urgently needed.

A standout example of this collaboration is Teddy Hermann’s YAQU PACHA collection. These high-quality plush toys, crafted with great care, the highest standards of quality, and a keen eye for detail, combine play, emotion, and responsibility. They symbolize the shared vision of making species conservation visible, tangible, and something to be experienced.

We would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to Teddy Hermann for his long-standing trust, loyalty, and strong commitment to nature conservation and species protection.

At Teddy-Hermann, the protection of endangered animal species has been a true labor of love for us for many years. As a family business with over 100 years of tradition, we work with plush toys every day—which makes it all the more important for us to take responsibility for their real-life counterparts in nature. We are deeply grateful to have been walking this path together with YAQU PACHA for over 15 years now.
We are very happy to support YAQU PACHA—out of conviction and with the desire to make a small but continuous contribution to the protection of species, habitats, and the people living there.
Dorothee Weinhold
Managing Director
Teddy-Hermann GmbH

It is with great sadness that we must announce the passing of Francisca, the Franciscana dolphin calf whom we had the privilege of caring for over the course of more than a year through our partner R3 in Brazil.
After her rescue on January 3, 2025, on a beach, Francisca initially made a very good recovery and enjoyed excellent health for many months. During this time, she provided us with valuable insights into the biology, needs, and vulnerability of her species.

With her strength, her will to live, and her zest for life, Francisca became an important ambassador for the critically endangered Franciscana dolphins. She touched people around the world and made it clear that this dolphin species exists and how urgently it needs protection.

On January 5, 2026, however, her health suddenly and dramatically deteriorated. Despite all efforts and intensive attempts to save her, she could not be saved.

We would like to extend our special thanks to the dedicated team at R3, who cared for Francisca around the clock for over a year with great expertise, dedication, and love.

The Vaquita Friends Vienna, a group of dedicated children and teenagers, were once again active on behalf of YAQU PACHA. At the Advent market, they ran their own booth to inform visitors about the vaquita, the world’s most endangered marine mammal.

The young volunteers handed out informational flyers and clearly explained why vaquitas urgently need protection. They had also prepared homemade Christmas cookies and small crafts, which they offered as a thank-you gift for every donation. Their dedication shows just how committed the next generation is to protecting endangered species.

Thanks to their efforts and the support of visitors, we were able to raise 559 euros, which will go directly toward our projects to protect the vaquitas.

YAQU PACHA would like to extend its heartfelt thanks to Hannah and the Vaquita Friends Vienna for their tremendous dedication and is delighted by the enthusiasm shown for the protection of these unique animals.

A national workshop on the protection of the critically endangered Lahille’s dolphin —one of the world’s most endangered dolphin species—was held for the first time in Argentina. This meeting marks a historic step forward for marine mammal conservation in the country and strengthens the joint strategy for the conservation of Tursiops gephyreus.

During the two-day workshop, numerous experts from academia, government agencies, ministries, NGOs, the fishing industry, and international partners came together. Through in-depth presentations, productive discussions, and an exceptionally collaborative working environment, it became clear just how strong the shared commitment is to protecting this endangered dolphin species.

The collective motivation and constructive atmosphere made it clear that concrete and effective steps are being taken to stabilize and support the Lahille dolphin population in the long term.

Special thanks go to the Fundación Azara, which hosted the workshop in Buenos Aires and is working tirelessly to advance key conservation measures for this species.

We would also like to thank all the experts from academia, institutions, and government agencies who contributed to this project for their expertise, passion, and forward-looking vision.

This workshop laid a crucial foundation: the development of a coordinated and scientifically sound roadmap for the coming years, based on international cooperation, solid research, and shared conservation strategies. This is a significant step for the future of Tursiops gephyreus and the protection of marine biodiversity in Argentina.

The 2025 research campaign confirms that the vaquita —the world’s most endangered marine mammal—is still alive, healthy, and reproducing in the Upper Gulf of California.

Researchers estimate that between 7 and 10 different individuals have been spotted within the protected area, including newborns and juveniles—clear evidence of ongoing reproduction and survival.

Acoustic and visual data show that most vaquitas remain within the Zero Tolerance Area and its extension zone, although some have also been recorded in the northwestern part of the protected area—an area that currently does not offer sufficient protection.

The complete elimination of gillnets remains the most important measure for the species' recovery.

The research campaign also included the participation of young people from San Felipe, who are continuing their training as local observers of the vaquita and the marine ecosystem. This ensures that conservation efforts are based on community participation and local ownership.

YAQU PACHA supports vaquita conservation in collaboration with PESCA ABC and promotes alternative fishing methods using handlines, as well as projects aimed at improving and establishing sustainable fishing practices. These measures provide sustainable sources of income that do not endanger the vaquita.

Fundación Azara, Buenos Aires (Argentina), November 25–26, 2025

Registration for the workshop on the Fundación Azara website

Registration Form (Online registration is also available)

The Lahille's dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus)—one of the world's most endangered dolphin species—is at a critical juncture. With fewer than 500 individuals remaining and only about 150 in Argentina, coordinated efforts are urgently needed to prevent its extinction.

In response to this crisis, Fundación Azara, Nuremberg Zoo, YAQU PACHA, and Fundación Mundo Marino are joining forces for a two-day workshop to:

• review the Conservation Management Plan (CMP) of the International Whaling Commission (IWC),
• evaluate Argentina’s priorities,
• develop a practical five-year roadmap for species conservation,
• and strengthen cooperation between science, government, and local communities.

Day 1 features public lectures and a photo exhibition showcasing research areas and local communities.
Day 2 focuses on an internal working session during which a concrete action plan for the recovery of the population will be developed.

Together, we are applying the IUCN One Plan Approach, which combines in situ and ex situ measures to secure the future of the Lahille's dolphin, Tursiops truncatus gephyreus.

A new study published in the Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals (LAJAM) reveals alarming levels of mercury in dolphins and fish in Lake Maracaibo.

A recent study by Yurasi Briceño et al., supported by YAQU PACHA, reveals alarming levels of mercury contamination in Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) and fish from the southern part of Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela.

Alarming results:
• Mercury was detected in all fish and dolphin samples tested.
• The WHO limit is 0.5 mg/kg.
• Four out of six dolphins significantly exceeded this limit, one of them with 2.96 mg/kg.
• The fish species Gobioides broussonnetii also exceeded the limit with 0.92 mg/kg.

Why this matters:
Mercury does not remain in the water but enters the food chain, moving from sediments to fish, dolphins, and ultimately to humans.
These findings highlight a threat to marine wildlife and a serious risk to local communities that depend on fishing for their livelihoods.

YAQU PACHA supports this research to raise awareness of the links between environmental pollution, species conservation, and human health.

The full study was published in Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals (Vol. 20, No. 2, 2025) .

YAQU PACHA has supported the publication of the LAJAM Journal from the very beginning.

An important step toward protecting aquatic mammals in the Amazon region!
Nuremberg Zoo, YAQU PACHA, and the Oceanogràfic de Valencia have jointly provided the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM) in Tefé, Brazil, with a new tank with a capacity of 108,000 liters (12 meters in diameter).

The pool is equipped with a professional life support system (LSS) that ensures optimal water quality. This makes it suitable for use as a temporary shelter for Amazon river dolphins (Inia and Sotalia) in the event of emergencies in Tefé.

This initiative will significantly strengthen local capacity for the rapid and effective rescue and rehabilitation of Amazon river dolphins.

A heartfelt thank you to everyone involved for their dedication to protecting the aquatic wildlife of the Amazon—and for turning collaboration into tangible help.

Francisca is a stranded Franciscana dolphin currently being cared for at the R3 Rehabilitation Center in Brazil. YAQU PACHA has supported this work from the very beginning.
You can follow her story, care, and progress in three short videos.

Francisca has now been in the care of R3 Animal for 9 months, and she recently moved into a very large tank where she has plenty of room to move around and can swim long distances.

The second newsletter from the GEPHYREUS Project has been published and offers fascinating insights into the ongoing research and conservation efforts for the Lahille’s dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus)—a critically endangered coastal species found only in the waters of southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina.

The project is carried out by our local partners and supported by YAQU PACHA and its partners, and is dedicated to protecting this unique dolphin population. In the latest Gephyreus newsletter, you can learn more about current research activities, conservation measures, international collaborations, and educational projects aimed at preserving the species.

You can read Newsletter #2 as a PDF here:

English: [ENG] #2 Newsletter_Gephyreus_Project_final

Portuguese: [PT] #2 Newsletter – Projeto Gephyreus_final

For more information about the project, visit: www.gephyreus.org

The Lahille’s dolphin—scientifically known as Tursiops gephyreus—lives in small groups in shallow coastal waters and estuaries. It is known for its social behavior and its close association with specific habitats. Unfortunately, the species is now one of the most critically endangered dolphin populations in the Atlantic. We currently estimate the total population to be 600 individuals. Bycatch, pollution, and habitat loss threaten their survival—making international conservation initiatives like the Projeto GEPHYREUS all the more important.

Lecture tonight: “Species Conservation in Practice: People as the Key to the Solution”
Speaker: Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (President of YAQU PACHA e.V.)
When: Wednesday, October 8, 2025, 7:00 p.m.
Where: Nicolaus Copernicus Planetarium, Am Plärrer 41, Nuremberg (Dome Hall)

Program as a PDF: BZ-2025_Species Conservation_Brochure

Once again this year, YAQU PACHA had information booths at the Species Conservation Days held at Duisburg Zoo, Aquazoo Düsseldorf, and Karlsruhe Zoo. Many visitors took the opportunity to learn firsthand about our work and the situation facing endangered aquatic mammals in South America and Mexico.

The focus was on our projects to protect La Plata dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei), Lahille’s bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus gephyreus), Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis), manatees (Trichechus inunguis), and the critically endangered vaquita (Phocoena sinus). Many guests were surprised to learn how severely these species are threatened by bycatch, habitat loss, and pollution—and how important international cooperation is for species conservation.

We were particularly pleased by the great interest shown by families and children, who asked questions at our booths, picked up informational materials, and enthusiastically chose our YAQU PACHA stuffed animals. By making a purchase, visitors directly support our projects—and at the same time take a piece of species conservation home with them.

The Species Conservation Days serve as a valuable platform for us to introduce people to our projects, raise awareness about endangered species, and demonstrate that species conservation can only succeed through collective effort. We would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the teams at Duisburg Zoo, Aquazoo Düsseldorf, and Karlsruhe Zoo for the invitation and for their outstanding organization of these important events.

A big thank you also to the teams at the YAQU PACHA information booths:
Sandra Isenberg, Jolana Meister, Mike Meister, Silke Klein, Sandra Honigs, Petra Loettker, Andreas Banse, Jan Ritzler, Sandra Dollhäupl

The Gephyreus Project is dedicated to the conservation of the critically endangered Lahille’s dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus). Since its inception, it has been supported by YAQU PACHA, Nuremberg Zoo, Zoomarine Portugal, Duisburg Zoo, Rancho Texas, and Heidelberg Zoo. The goal is to strengthen international cooperation and implement effective conservation measures.

A milestone was the launch of the official website www.gephyreus.org, which brings together scientific findings, current news, and events, thereby promoting transparency and public engagement. Another highlight was the documentary film“Garbo,”which showcases the unique collaboration between fishermen and dolphins in Laguna and highlights the importance of local long-term research.

The Gephyreus Network played a crucial role in the adoption of a trilateral Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for the Lahille’s dolphin by the International Whaling Commission (IWC). Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay are participating in this initiative. The plan is based on four strategic pillars:
• Research
• Risk mitigation
• Monitoring
• Public outreach & capacity building
A total of 24 conservation measures were established, seven of which are of the highest priority. In parallel, the network is working on a reassessment of the IUCN Red List status and on a proposal for a Concerted Action under the CMS Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species.

Significant progress was also made in field research:
• Four fishing villages in southern Brazil were visited, and 60 fishermen were interviewed about bycatch risks and fishery dynamics.
• Over 3,000 people were reached through training sessions, school projects, and public events.
• Citizen science programs in Brazil (e.g., Araranguá, Tramandaí River) and Uruguay are engaging the public more closely in conservation efforts.

Coordinated photo-identification surveys at more than ten locations in Brazil and Uruguay, as well as the resumption of research in Bahía San Antonio (Argentina), yielded valuable data—including 60,000 dorsal fin photos and 15 biopsies for contaminant analysis. A complete population estimate is expected by 2026.

A new research project has also been launched to study skin changes in Lahille's dolphins in Laguna and Patos Lagoon. In light of increasing health risks, the project is developing a comprehensive dolphin health program.

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, Chairman of YAQU PACHA:
“The Lahille’s dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) is one of the most critically endangered dolphin species in the world. Through Project Gephyreus, we are also implementing the IUCN One Plan Approach, which combines conservation efforts in the field with collaborations with zoological institutions. Only by working together can we ensure the long-term survival of this species.”

On January 3, 2025, a newborn Franciscana dolphin calf was found stranded on a beach in Florianópolis, Brazil, and was named Francisca. It was alone, dehydrated, and severely weakened. Without immediate help, it would have had no chance of survival.

Franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) are among the most endangered dolphin species in South America. Dolphin calves like Francisca are completely dependent on their mothers during the first few months of life. When a calf like Francisca is found alone, it usually means certain death—but this time, things turned out differently.

Francisca was immediately taken into the care of our project partner , R3 Animal. There, a complex rescue process began: During the first few weeks, the dolphin calf was fed special milk, monitored around the clock, and given medical care. Francisca was weak, but she fought—and she won.

Seven months later, it is clear just how successful the rescue was: Francisca actively swims in a large pool, now eats fish on her own, and is playful, alert, and very curious. The Franciscana dolphin calf has developed well physically but still requires care, so release into the wild is not currently possible.

Today, Francisca is a symbol and ambassador for her endangered dolphin species and an example of how dedicated conservation efforts save lives.

R3 Animal ensures their care and long-term survival. YAQU PACHA supports R3 Animal in this effort and has been working to protect endangered marine mammals for over 30 years.

Let’s give Francisca a future! Please support Francisca and the rescue and rehabilitation efforts for all other stranded Franciscana dolphins with your donation.

From June 30 to July 5, 2025, more than 50 experts on whales and dolphins (cetaceans) gathered in Santos, Brazil. The goal of the workshop, organized by the Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) and the Brazilian government, was to review and updateConservation Management Plans (CMPs) for some of South America’s most endangered species.

Among the focal points was the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis), South American river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis, Sotalia fluviatilis), and the Guiana river dolphin (Sotalia guianensis), the Lahille's bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus gephyreus), and the Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei).

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, chairman of YAQU PACHA, attended the workshop and emphasized his organization’s commitment:

“This meeting was of the utmost importance, as we not only evaluated progress but also spoke openly about the threats these cetaceans currently face. Issues such as bycatch, climate-related events, and the increasing incidence of infectious diseases are particularly pressing. It is encouraging to see that we are working together on science-based solutions.”
YAQU PACHA not only supported the workshop in terms of content but was also one of the financial sponsors—a clear sign of the organization’s strong commitment to the protection of endangered cetaceans in South America.

A particular highlight was the presentation by the Alliance for the Franciscana Conservation Research, Rescue and Rehabilitation (AFCR3). Dr. Cristiane Kolesnikovas of R3 Animal gave a moving account of the caseof “Francisca,”a Franciscana dolphin currently undergoing rehabilitation—a symbol of the species’ vulnerability and resilience.

Dr. Alex Zerbini, former chair of the IWC Scientific Committee, praised the results:

“Workshops like this one are essential. They bring together expertise, foster collaboration, and ensure that conservation plans remain living documents—continuously adapted to the latest scientific findings and proven conservation practices.”
YAQU PACHA’s projects are significantly supported by zoological institutions such as Nuremberg Zoo, Duisburg Zoo, Heidelberg Zoo, Aquazoo Düsseldorf, Zoomarine Algarve, and Rancho Texas. These partnerships enable the practical implementation of the One Plan Approach—an integrated conservation strategy in which measures in the natural habitat (in situ) and in human care (ex situ) are meaningfully interlinked.

For more information:
https://iwc.int/management-and-conservation/conservation-management-plans

A groundbreaking study led by Cayetano Espinosa-Miranda (Yaqu Pacha Chile), supported by YAQU PACHA and the Nuremberg Zoo, has revealed alarming evidence of environmental stress among dolphins along the Chilean coast of Patagonia. By analyzing the skin microbiomes of Chilean dolphins and Peale’s dolphins, the researchers discovered that individuals living in areas heavily impacted by aquaculture and urbanization exhibit a striking loss of microbial diversity—replaced by opportunistic bacteria such as Vibrio and Halomonas.
These changes may serve as early warning signs of compromised health and point to the hidden toll that human activities take on marine animals. The dolphin skin microbiome is proving to be a valuable, non-invasive indicator for monitoring the health of wild populations and the ecosystems they inhabit.

YAQU PACHA and the Nuremberg Zoo are committed to supporting and expanding this important field of research. To protect endangered species and their habitats, we urgently need to step up our scientific efforts to monitor the health of the oceans.

Read the article: Habitat Anthropization Shapes the Skin Microbiome of Dolphins: A Red Flag for Health

Class 4A at the elementary school in Ober St. Veit near Vienna ran a fantastic fundraising campaign over several weeks to support the critically endangered vaquita and the YAQU PACHA conservation project. They raised an impressive total of 1,071 euros. We would like to take this opportunity to sincerely thank Class 4A for their wonderful support. The donation will be used specifically for the rescue and conservation of the vaquita in the Gulf of California in Mexico.
YAQU PACHA is collaborating with Pesca ABC to establish alternative fishing methods that prevent vaquitas from ending up in nets. These alternative techniques are based on line-and-hook fishing and provide fishermen with particularly high-quality fish. The method has been very well received and is gradually becoming established in the northern part of the Gulf of California, where the vaquita lives.
In addition, the Mexican government has sunk concrete blocks with steel hooks in the vaquita’s range. This deters illegal fishermen from fishing in this area, as they would otherwise destroy their nets.
These two methods are intended to stabilize the vaquita population. We hope that we will spot young vaquitas again during the next census. That would be a sign that the population is recovering. Currently, we estimate the total population to be between 8 and 10 vaquitas.
Once again, a heartfelt thank you to Class 4A and everyone who helped raise this fantastic amount.
100% of the donations will go toward saving the vaquita and our species conservation project in collaboration with Pesca ABC.

ENCOPEMAQ – Brazil’s leading conference on the conservation of aquatic mammals.

The 9th ENCOPEMAQ, the National Conference on the Conservation and Research of Aquatic Mammals, will take place in Fortaleza from June 17 to 20. This major conference brings together researchers, students, and conservation professionals to address the urgent challenges facing marine and freshwater mammals in Brazil and beyond.

The event will take place at the Pici Campus of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). This year’s theme, “Under Pressure: Aquatic Mammals in a World in Crisis,” draws attention to the growing threats posed by climate change, environmental pollution, destructive fishing practices, and habitat loss.

The 9th ENCOPEMAQ is organized by the Aquatic Ecosystems Research and Preservation Association – AQUASIS, an organization with over 30 years of experience in research and conservation of aquatic mammals in Brazil. Thanks to its long-standing work, AQUASIS is a key player in Brazilian species conservation.

YAQU PACHA is proud to provide financial support for this important event and to join forces with others in advocating for the protection of whales, dolphins, manatees, otters, and many other species. With 59 species of aquatic mammals—representing over 45% of the global diversity of this group—Brazil plays a key role in the global conservation of aquatic mammals.

The conference program includes presentations by international and national experts, panel discussions on current challenges, practical training courses, and numerous scientific presentations. Particular focus is placed on endangered species such as the Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) and the Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus), both of which are native to Ceará and are listed on the Brazilian and state Red Lists of Threatened Species.

YAQU PACHA remains committed to promoting the exchange of knowledge and supporting those who are working on the front lines to protect marine and freshwater mammals.

A new estimate of the population of the Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) in the southern part of Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela was recently conducted—valuable data that will help inform new conservation measures. In addition, a workshop on the ecology of Guiana dolphins and manatees was held for teachers at the Tito Salas School, where a project to cultivate red mangroves was also launched with the help of the children to raise awareness of the value of this forest and promote its protection. This part of the vast Lake Maracaibo is an area of great importance for both species of aquatic mammals—Sotalia dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) and manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus).

A project in collaboration with our partners at Proyecto Sotalia.

A recent meeting was held in Brazil to facilitate the exchange of experiences regarding the conservation and management of the Amazonian manatee —Peixe Boi (Trichechus inunguis)—with local communities. The meeting was organized by Fundación Natütama from Colombia, which has been successfully carrying out conservation work and environmental education with residents around Puerto Nariño (Amazonas, Colombia) for over 20 years.

The team at the research station of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi in the Caxiuanã National Forest (Pará, Brazil) set out to learn from Natütama’s many years of experience. Together with partners from ICMBio and the Instituto Bicho d’Água, they are currently caring for a young Amazonian manatee with the goal of eventually releasing it back into the wild. During the meeting, participants shared experiences, explored the region, held discussions with local communities, and conducted a joint workshop to develop a long-term conservation program that actively involves the local population.

YAQU PACHA supports this important exchange, which aims to help establish sustainable conservation projects for Amazonian manatees —known as “peixe boi”—in Brazil as well, and to further strengthen the successful collaboration between scientists and the local population.

Since early January 2025, our partners at R3 Animal in Florianópolis (Brazil) have been caring for a special animal: Francisca, a weakened Franciscana dolphin calf that was stranded on the coast on January 3.

At first, her chances of survival were slim—but thanks to tremendous dedication, an unprecedented rescue and rehabilitation effort began.
In the first few weeks, every hour was critical. Francisca required round-the-clock care, special formula, and medical stabilization. Thanks to the dedicated team on site, she made steady progress—step by step.

Today, four months later, she has grown into a strong, curious young fish. She eats fish and shrimp on her own, displays natural diving behavior, and has been living for some time now in a larger tank that gives her more room to move around and continue developing.

This project is unique in the world: never before has a stranded Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) been successfully cared for over such a long period of time. Francisca is therefore not only a symbol of hope for her species—she is a milestone for the conservation of marine mammals in South America.

For over 25 years, YAQU PACHA has been dedicated to the conservation of the Franciscana dolphin —one of the most critically endangered dolphin species in the world. Together with R3 Animal, Nuremberg Zoo, the National Marine Mammal Foundation, and Dolphin Quest, we founded the Alliance for Franciscana Dolphin Conservation Research, Rescue, and Rehabilitation (AFCR3). Supported by Zoomarine Algarve, Portugal. This international alliance combines research, conservation, and rehabilitation efforts—and the Franciscana dolphin is at the heart of this mission.

Caring for a dolphin calf like Francisca is extremely costly—it costs about €200 a day to cover food, medical care, and supervision.
Your help makes all the difference: With your donation, you not only support Francisca’s continued development but also help protect her entire species.

Donation account:
YAQU PACHA e.V.
IBAN: DE91 7605 0101 0001 1416 38
BIC: SSKNDE77XXX
Bank: Sparkasse Nürnberg
Reference: Donation for Francisca's rescue

Four months of hard work, hope, and progress—and we’re not stopping here. Help us continue this success story.

The new Projeto Gephyreus website is now live and offers comprehensive information on our joint efforts to protect the Lahille’s dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus), one of the most endangered dolphin species in South America, with an estimated total population of no more than 600 individuals.

We are pleased to present the first issue of the newsletter of our Projeto Gephyreus!
In this first issue, we report on, among other things:
– the conservation plan for Tursiops gephyreus adopted by the International Whaling Commission (IWC)
– the welcome return of dolphins to the Araranguá River
– the 50th anniversary of the Lagoa dos Patos dolphin project in Brazil.

A heartfelt thank you to all our partners and supporters who have made this project possible!

Subscribe to the newsletter now:
Visit our website gephyreus.org and stay up to date on the conservation of this extraordinary dolphin species.

Our YAQU PACHA information booth (Jolana and Mike Meister, Andreas Banse, and Sandra Isenberg) provides information about our projects, hands out coloring sheets and class schedules, and sells stuffed animals from the Teddy-Hermann YAQU PACHA Edition to benefit the projects.

The occasion is World Aquatic Animal Day, which is being celebrated today at the Duisburg Zoo.“World Aquatic Animal Day” was launched in 2020 by staff at the Animal Law Clinic at Lewis & Clark Law School (Portland, Oregon, USA), who wanted to raise awareness of the importance of aquatic animals to our society and our ecosystems. The day is actually on April 3, but it will be celebrated at Duisburg Zoo on Saturday.

This day dedicated to all aquatic life builds on the themes of World Water Day on March 22 and World Oceans Day on June 8—but truly celebrates all living creatures in the Earth’s diverse bodies of water.

The 2024 field season of the Farol das Baleias Project yielded significant insights into the ecology, health, and behavior of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in southern Brazil. Over 106 days, 420 drone flights were conducted, yielding 120 hours of observation time and 45 hours of video footage. A total of 246 individual whales were identified, including 26 re-encounters from previous years—an indication of their site fidelity.

Drone photogrammetry was used to document the physical condition of 41 lactating females and 56 calves. Observations showed that mother-calf pairs spend about 10% of their time engaging in social interactions. Six cases of entanglement in fishing gear were recorded; all right whales were later sighted free again—evidence of the importance of monitoring and conservation measures.

The Farol das Baleias project also placed great emphasis on public outreach: educational activities featuring interactive formats and citizen science were held in Torres. Participation in international conferences fostered scientific networking. Publications, a new doctoral project, and the first “Whale Festival of Torres” are planned for 2025.

2024 Report, PDF: Farol das Baleias Report 2024

Francisca, the Franciscana dolphin calf, has been in the care of R3 in Brazil for several weeks now and is growing and thriving. For some time now, Francisca has also been fed shrimp and small fish, and she has already learned to find and eat them on her own.
Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen traveled to Brazil for a meeting to discuss Francisca’s future. The trip was made possible thanks to the support of the Nuremberg Zoo. In the near future, Francisca will also be moved to a larger tank, and the keepers continue to care for her around the clock. Let’s keep our fingers crossed for Francisca’s continued healthy development.
We still rely on your donations and support to care for Francisca, and we appreciate any help. Thank you very much!

Francisca, a newborn Blainville’s dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), was found alone and in critical condition on the coast of Florianópolis, Brazil, on January 3, 2025. As one of the world’s most endangered dolphin species, her story highlights the increasing number of strandings of these vulnerable animals.
Her care costs €200 per day – Francisca’s survival depends on intensive, professional round-the-clock care, special milk, and a dedicated team at R3 in Florianópolis, Brazil. Each day of rehabilitation costs €200. Your help is needed to continue this life-saving work.
R3 is part of the Alliance for Franciscana Dolphin Conservation Research, Rescue, and Rehabilitation (AFCR3), which is supported by YAQU PACHA, the Nuremberg Zoo, the National Marine Mammal Foundation, and Dolphin Quest. When you support Francisca, you are not only helping her but also her entire species.
Together, we can ensure she gets the help she needs.

PLEASE HELP FRANCISCA BY MAKING A DONATION!

YAQU PACHA is a nonprofit organization dedicated to protecting endangered aquatic mammals and ensuring that these animals have a future.

Every euro counts! Let’s give Francisca the round-the-clock care she needs and give the Franciscana dolphin a chance at a better future.
Thank you for your help and support!

Christmas is a time for giving and reflection—a wonderful opportunity to think about nature as well. Please support us with your donation and help protect endangered species and ensure their survival.

Many of the animal species that YAQU PACHA works to protect are threatened with extinction. Together, we can make a difference!
Since 1992, we have been volunteering to protect species in Latin America.
Your financial support goes directly where it is needed—to long-term projects that require patience and close collaboration with local communities.

Every contribution counts, because species conservation is everyone’s responsibility.
Thank you in advance for your support!

Your team at YAQU PACHA

Dr. Federico Sucunza of GEMARS, a partner NGO of YAQU PACHA in Brazil, was honored with the Science on a Shoestring Award at the recent conference of the Society for Marine Mammalogy in Perth, Australia. This award recognizes groundbreaking, low-cost ideas that have a significant impact on marine conservation.
Dr. Sucunza’s initiative, called Projeto PESCA, focuses on reducing bycatch through sustainable and innovative methods. His solution involves attaching empty PET bottles to fishing nets to create a sound barrier that allows dolphins and other marine mammals to detect and avoid the nets. Field trials have shown an impressive reduction in bycatch, making this approach a game-changer for marine conservation.

Since the launch of the Projeto PESCA, YAQU PACHA, Nuremberg Zoo, and ZOOMARINE – Algarve have been key partners whose support and expertise have contributed to the project’s success. This collaboration underscores the importance of partnerships in effectively addressing global conservation challenges.

In addition to receiving the award, Dr. Sucunza was selected to participate in a prestigious panel discussion, where he shared insights into the development and implementation of this cost-effective and impactful solution. His work highlights the power of community-driven innovation and partnerships that advance marine conservation.

YAQU PACHA, the Nuremberg Zoo, and ZOOMARINE-Algarve congratulate Dr. Sucunza and GEMARS on this award and this remarkable achievement, and will continue to support Projeto PESCA in its mission to protect marine biodiversity.

Ubatuba, Brazil – From November 8 to 10, the Alliance for the Franciscana Dolphin Conservation Research, Rescue and Rehabilitation (AFCR3) hosted a groundbreaking workshop at the Instituto Argonauta to advance conservation efforts for the Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei). Led by Dr. Jenny Meegan of the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF), USA, and Dr. Aricia Benvenuto of the University of São Paulo, Brazil, 24 participants from various Brazilian institutions gathered to address fundamental rehabilitation techniques and standardized necropsy protocols.

The workshop focused on two critical needs: the rehabilitation of stranded Franciscana dolphins, from newborns to adults, and the ability to perform standardized necropsies to identify threats and causes of death. The training was based on scientifically sound protocols developed by the Alliance, a collaborative network of over 34 veterinarians, biologists, nutritionists, and zootechnicians from Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, the United States, Spain, and Germany.

Urgent need for action

The Franciscana dolphin is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to widespread threats such as bycatch, habitat loss, and pollution. In Brazil, however, the species is even more endangered and is listed as Critically Endangered (CR) on the country’s national Red List. The high number of live strandings underscores the urgent need for qualified rehabilitation measures, while necropsy data are essential for understanding and addressing the causes of mortality.

“Workshops like this aren’t just about saving individual animals; they’re about securing the future of a species,” says Dr. Jenny Meegan. “From our perspective, this is an opportunity to combine global expertise with local conditions. Collaborations like this allow us to share advanced veterinary techniques and rehabilitation protocols developed at the international level and ensure that this knowledge is available to those who need it most. Protecting the Franciscana dolphin is a global effort, and every contribution, no matter where it comes from, helps ensure the survival of this species. The NMMF has learned a great deal through collaboration with conservation teams in other countries, and we are honored to support the incredible work being done here in Brazil.

Dr. Aricia Benvenuto emphasized the local perspective: “In Brazil, the Franciscana dolphin is an important part of our marine biodiversity, and its endangered status is a call to action for all of us. This workshop is crucial because it equips local experts with the tools and knowledge they need to respond effectively to strandings and conduct meaningful necropsies. Strengthening Brazil’s capacity to rescue and protect marine mammals is crucial for the survival of this species. As someone who works directly with the marine ecosystems where these dolphins live, I see the urgent need for joint efforts like this. Together, we can ensure that conservation is not merely a concept but is put into practice in the regions where it is most urgently needed.

Why this workshop is important:

Allianz's commitment to the conservation of the Franciscana dolphin relies on a multifaceted approach, and this workshop is an example of its goals:

• Improving rehabilitation outcomes: The training enables participants to provide proper care for stranded dolphins, thereby increasing their chances of survival.
• Evidence-based conservation strategies: Standardized necropsies provide important data for addressing anthropogenic threats, ranging from fishing practices to environmental toxins.
• Global Collaboration: The workshop underscores the Alliance’s commitment to cross-border knowledge exchange and the promotion of international collaboration to save species.

About the Alliance

The AFCR3 was founded in 2019 with the goal of assisting with live strandings, providing essential equipment and expertise, and empowering conservationists through training. The founding members, YAQU PACHA and the Nuremberg Zoo, coordinate the alliance’s activities with other institutions and advance the mission to protect the Franciscana. Many non-governmental organizations and universities from South America, such as Fundación Mundo Marino & Aquarium (Argentina), Karumbé & RENACE (Uruguay), the University of São Paulo, Biopesca, the University of Santa Catarina, the Federal University of Paraná, CRAM, R3, Aiuká, UNIVILLE, the Gremar Institute , and the Argonauta (all from Brazil), are active members of this alliance. In addition, organizations such as the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF) and Dolphin Quest from the U.S., as well as L’Oceanogràfic, Nuremberg Zoo, YAQU PACHA, and ZOOMARINE – Algarve from Europe, provide crucial support for this initiative. This diverse coalition underscores the importance of global cooperation in securing the future of the Franciscana dolphin.

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, Chairman of YAQU PACHA, highlighted the organization’s longstanding commitment: “YAQU PACHA has been dedicated to the protection of the Franciscana dolphin for nearly 26 years. One of our main goals is to strengthen the capacities of local experts and institutions and ensure that they are equipped with the necessary tools and knowledge to protect this remarkable species. Collaboration and education are at the heart of our work, and this workshop is a testament to those values.”

The success of the workshop was largely due to the support of the Instituto Argonauta, whose team provided exceptional logistical and technical assistance. Their commitment to marine conservation and their practical experience in handling stranded marine mammals made them an invaluable partner for this event.

This workshop is a crucial step toward bridging the gap between science and practice and securing the future of one of the world’s most endangered dolphin species.

The results of the recent COP16 biodiversity conference are disappointing. Individual countries are unwilling to invest in the conservation of biological diversity and the protection of endangered species. Dr. Fernando Trujillo from our partner organization Fundación Omacha was on site in Cali, Colombia, and reports on an alarming shift in global priorities that is making it increasingly difficult to secure urgently needed support for the protection of endangered species and their habitats.

Despite these challenges, we remain committed and continue our work in close cooperation with partner organizations in Latin America. Regular communication and joining forces are the keys to success in species conservation.

Your support remains essential to this effort. Together, we can save endangered aquatic mammal species from extinction. We thank you from the bottom of our hearts—today and in the future.

Icapuí, Brazil – From October 14 to 17, the Oh Linda! Pousada in Icapuí, Brazil, hosted an important manatee workshop organized by the Alliance for Manatees, bringing together experts from across South America to discuss the urgent need to protect Caribbean manatees. A total of 23 dedicated experts from 19 leading institutions and six South American countries, ranging from Brazil to Colombia, participated. It was the first time such an international meeting had been held in South America.

This groundbreaking workshop marked a significant step forward in manatee conservation. Over the course of four days, participants engaged in lively discussions, analyzed the latest scientific data on manatee habitats, assessed current threats and conservation priorities, and developed future action plans. A key objective of the event was to refine habitat maps and identify critical areas in need of immediate protection.

Caribbean manatees are gentle, slow-swimming marine mammals known for their round, bearded faces and paddle-shaped tails. They are often called “sea cows” and live mainly in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and inland waters of South America. They play an important role in their ecosystems by grazing on aquatic plants, thereby improving water quality. Unfortunately, the subspecies found in South America, the Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus), is classified as “Endangered” by the IUCN due to threats such as habitat loss, boat accidents, and climate change. Their survival depends critically on active conservation measures that protect their habitat and manage human impacts.

Dr. Carol Meirelles, a manatee expert and research associate at the Marine Mammal Research Unit (MMRU) at the University of British Columbia, organized and led the workshop. “The workshop brought together experts with firsthand data and information that had never been shared before,” said Dr. Meirelles. “This allowed us to identify where manatees still exist and where they are threatened.”

Professor Andrew Trites, director of the MMRU, also played a key role in leading the workshop. His expertise in facilitating discussions fostered the spirit of cooperation that made the event a success. “It was truly remarkable,” says Trites, “to see such a diverse group of manatee experts from all over South America in one place and to realize how essential it is for them to speak with one voice to protect manatees in their home countries.”

The alliance focuses on manatees in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil—regions where five national languages are spoken and environmental protection varies in intensity. “The Caribbean manatees do not belong to any single country,” says Trites. “They are a shared responsibility for all of South America. All countries where manatees are found must work together to ensure their survival.”

The protection of manatees is a top priority not only in South America. For partners such as the Pairi Daiza Foundation in Belgium, Nuremberg Zoo, and YAQU PACHA in Germany, the protection of manatees is also of great importance, which is why both organizations provided funding to make the workshop possible. “We wanted to contribute to the long-term protection of manatees and are proud to support the Alliance’s efforts,” said Dr. Catherine Vancsok, Scientific Director of the Pairi Daiza Foundation and one of the main sponsors of the workshop. Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, Curator for Research and Conservation at Nuremberg Zoo and Chairman of YAQU PACHA e.V., emphasized the responsibility of European institutions to actively contribute to the protection of manatee populations.

“As coordinator of the Manatee EEP (EAZA Ex-situ Programme) of the European Association of Zoos and Aquariums (EAZA), we see the Alliance for Manatees as a unique opportunity to pool our knowledge and resources to ensure the long-term survival of manatees,” said von Fersen. The involvement of zoos underscores the importance of the IUCN One Plan Approach as a holistic strategy for species conservation. “Zoo-based research provides important data on health, behavior, and reproduction that benefits wild populations and highlights the crucial role of ex situ conservation.”

Von Fersen praised the strong commitment of everyone involved: “What particularly impressed me was the willingness of many participants to share their data and knowledge for a common goal. This open collaboration and exchange of knowledge are exactly what we need for effective conservation strategies. It strengthens my confidence that, together, we can make a real contribution to the conservation of this endangered species.”

Dr. Meirelles will use the valuable insights gained from the workshop to update the current manatee habitat maps so that they can continue to serve as a basis for the conservation of this species. The international team of manatee experts will continue to collaborate in online meetings over the coming months to create a comprehensive priority map for manatee conservation in South America.

In addition to the in-depth discussions during the manatee workshop, participants also had the opportunity to visit local rehabilitation centers, including the Aquasis Rehabilitation Center and the Praia da Peroba Release Center in Icapuí. These visits provided valuable insights into the practical conservation measures being taken to preserve the region’s endangered manatee populations.

The Manatee Workshop was made possible thanks to logistical support from Aquasis, a Brazilian nonprofit organization dedicated to marine conservation. The Alliance for Manatees is a project of the Marine Mammal Research Unit at the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries at the University of British Columbia and is supported by various partners, including Nuremberg Zoo, the Pairi Daiza Foundation, YAQU PACHA e.V., and the IUCN Species Survival Commission.

With continued support from these organizations and the dedication of manatee researchers, the Alliance for Manatees is poised to make significant progress in protecting this iconic species throughout South America.

“The willingness to cooperate and share data and knowledge that we’ve seen this week gives me hope that, if we join forces and speak with one voice, we can ultimately save the manatees throughout their entire range,” said Meirelles.

Fortaleza/Icapui, Brazil – The Alliance for Manatees, a flagship project of the Marine Mammal Research Unit at the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries at the University of British Columbia, is currently hosting a major workshop in Brazil to strengthen the conservation of the endangered Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus). The workshop, coordinated by Dr. Carol Meirelles, a research associate at UBC, and Prof. Andrew Trites, director of the Marine Mammal Research Unit, is taking place in Fortaleza from October 14 to 18 and brings together leading researchers from across Latin America.

Working Together for Species Conservation

Twenty-three researchers from 18 institutions in Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico, Suriname, French Guiana, and Colombia are participating in the workshop. The experts are working to refine habitat models and develop a list of priorities for the protection of manatees, which are threatened by habitat destruction and climate change. The meeting marks a pivotal moment for conservation efforts in the region, with a particular focus on identifying critical habitats and the most effective strategies for their protection.

The week-long event also offers researchers who collaborated virtually last year the opportunity to validate their findings and agree on conservation priorities. The logistics of the event are being supported by Aquasis, a local NGO dedicated to species conservation.

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, Curator of Research and Conservation at Nuremberg Zoo and Chairman of YAQU PACHA e.V., attended this important meeting. He presented the IUCN One Plan Approach and the EAZA Manatee EEP (EAZA Ex Situ Program) to the participants.

During the workshop, Dr. von Fersen emphasized:
“Species conservation, as in the case of manatees, requires a holistic approach. It is important to strengthen in-situ initiatives. At the same time, it is important to involve zoos in this process, as they can fulfill very important ex-situ roles. These include raising visitor awareness, conducting research projects that are only possible under controlled conditions, and, not least, funding in-situ projects. The EAZA Manatee EEP pursues precisely this holistic approach, and as the coordinator of this EEP, I present compelling arguments to encourage the member zoos of the EEP to become more involved and take action. Species conservation can only be successful if all stakeholders are part of the process.”

About the Alliance for Manatees

The Alliance for Manatees, coordinated by Dr. Carol Meirelles, is part of the Marine Mammal Research Unit at UBC, led by Prof. Andrew Trites. The project brings together leading institutions from across Latin America to protect Caribbean manatees and their habitats. It is supported by major donors such as Nuremberg Zoo, the Pairi Daiza Foundation, YAQU PACHA e.V., and IUCN Species Survival.

Workshop Location: The workshop will take place in Icapuí, Ceará, a coastal town that offers participants an inspiring setting in which to work together on important initiatives to protect the Caribbean manatee.

With the support of Nuremberg Zoo, we are conducting a multidisciplinary study in collaboration with our partners to investigate the endocrine responses of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) to various factors, such as changes in food quality and availability, attacks and harassment by gulls, injuries from fishing nets and collisions, and ship traffic. To this end, we measure hormones that indicate stress responses (glucocorticoids) in adipose tissue biopsies and use aerial images from drones to assess physical condition and the presence of injuries, as well as to identify the animals. By integrating these methods, we aim to understand how various human and environmental influences affect the health and well-being of the whales.
The project is led by researchers from the Instituto de Conservación de Ballenas, the Marine Mammal Laboratory atthe Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR-CONICET), and the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET).
During the 2024 season, we have so far sampled more than 120 individual southern right whales, including mothers with calves, adults, and juveniles, and taken more than 6,000 aerial photographs. And this is just the beginning!
The goal of the project is to better understand the physiology of whales in order to obtain important information for the protection of these incredible marine mammals and the marine environment. We remain committed to whale conservation, both regionally and globally!

Help us develop an AI-based system for identifying southern right whales!
Thanks to the support of YAQU PACHA, the Southern Right Whale Consortium has begun developing an AI-based system to automatically identify individual southern right whales based on the callus pattern on their heads. We urgently need funding to complete the development of this system!

Please help us with your donation! The final product will be open source and will help everyone learn more about every single whale!

Learn more here and support the project

TEFÉ, Brazil – As smoke from thousands of wildfires rises over the Amazon Basin, researcher Miriam Marmontel of the Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development is growing increasingly concerned. Brazil is experiencing the worst drought in its history, and conditions are reminiscent of last year’s devastating events. Water levels in the Amazon Basin have dropped to record lows, and temperatures are approaching the levels that led to the mass die-off of endangered river dolphins a year ago.

In 2023, water temperatures in Lake Tefé reached an alarming 39.6°C, leading to the death of freshwater dolphins. This year, the situation has worsened: the drought arrived earlier than usual, and the water level dropped by up to 30 centimeters per day. Although rainfall and smoke have temporarily lowered temperatures, Marmontel and her team fear that we are on the brink of a similar or even worse disaster.

The Amazon is home to the Amazon river dolphin (boto) and the tucuxi, both of which are threatened with extinction. Prolonged drought, exacerbated by climate change, has already led to mass deaths. The deaths of over 200 dolphins near Tefé last year and further deaths downstream underscore the ongoing crisis. Recent discoveries of dead dolphins showing signs of human interference underscore the growing tensions between dolphins and local fishermen, which are further exacerbated by falling water levels.

Marmontel, who has been working closely with YAQU PACHA for years, emphasizes the ongoing urgency of the situation. Last year, YAQU PACHA played a central role in coordinating rescue operations for the dolphins. This year, YAQU PACHA remains in constant contact with colleagues on the ground. Together with her team, Marmontel is actively monitoring the dolphins’ health and preparing for future deaths. However, the recurring extreme conditions suggest that such events could become the new normal. The Mamirauá Institute is improving its rescue capabilities and securing the support of the Brazilian military and private organizations to address this growing crisis.

The repeated occurrence of such extreme droughts underscores the urgent need for global action to combat climate change and protect these critical species. As indicator species, dolphins signal broader environmental problems that require immediate and sustained attention.

You can help us save the river dolphins by making a donation.

We are thrilled to announce the release of the first two books in the “Clara y las toninas” series by YAQU PACHA Uruguay!
This series of five environmental education books tells the story of Clara, a little girl who discovers the wonderful world of dolphins along the coast of Rocha, Uruguay, and is constantly surprised by what she finds.
Illustrated by Yésica Sánchez, a member of YAQU PACHA Uruguay and a talented artist.
Written by Silvia Soler, an author and science communicator for children and young people.
Based on more than 20 years of scientific research conducted by the Toninas Project of YAQU PACHA Uruguay and in collaboration with colleagues from the region as part of environmental education.

YAQU PACHA was invited to Nuremberg to participate in the “Market of the 17 Goals” as part of the EU’s 4th Sustainable Conference. We took on Goal 14, “Life Below Water,” of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
We provided information about our species conservation projects and had many interesting conversations with visitors. The exchange with representatives of the other 16 Sustainable Development Goals was also fantastic; we shared experiences and got to know each other personally. The event was organized with the utmost professionalism, and the support provided to the booths and exhibitors was fantastic.
We would like to take this opportunity to extend a heartfelt thank you to the Bluepingu team for the excellent organization and execution.
We thank all visitors for their great interest in our information booth and our species conservation projects.
Thank you very much for the invitation to the Sustainable Conference, which serves as an important foundation for collaboration in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals.

The vaquita, the Lahille's dolphin, and the La Plata dolphin—all of these small whale species are critically endangered and at risk of extinction.
To raise awareness of this issue, we held a Species Conservation Week focused on endangered whales and dolphins at the Nuremberg Zoo from July 1 to 7. In our permanent exhibition, you can learn about various endangered small whale species through models.

On Saturday, as part of Species Conservation Week, we screened the documentary “Sea of Shadows,” which focuses on the rescue of the last remaining vaquitas. During the event, Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (President of YAQU PACHA e.V.) spoke about the threats facing small whale species and presented our conservation projects.
The vaquita (Phocoena sinus), also known as the California porpoise, is the most endangered marine mammal in the world. It is estimated that there are only about 9 vaquitas left. Through educational outreach, strict enforcement of fishing regulations, and the promotion of sustainable fishing practices, YAQU PACHA is helping to preserve the vaquita’s habitat in the Gulf of California.

In addition to the issue of bycatch, climate change is one of the greatest threats to whales and dolphins.
The children’s and youth group of the Nuremberg Zoo Friends Association, the TierEntdecker, prepared an exhibition on these topics and informed visitors about these important issues. We would like to take this opportunity to extend a heartfelt thank you to the TierEntdecker for their fantastic work and outstanding support during our Species Conservation Week at the Nuremberg Zoo.

YAQU PACHA, the Nuremberg Zoo, and Zoomarine Portugal are pleased to announce their continued support for Pesca ABC.
Pesca ABC is a grassroots organization led by local fishermen and women that advocates for sustainable fishing in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico.
The vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is the world’s most endangered marine mammal. The primary cause of its decline is mortality from fishing nets used in both legal and illegal fishing operations. We are working with Pesca ABC to promote alternative fishing methods to gillnets, thereby saving the vaquita from extinction while preserving local livelihoods.

Hook-and-line fishing is a proven sustainable method that allows fishermen to continue their work while protecting the vaquita. Drift nets are the main cause of the decline in the vaquita population. Fish caught in gillnets arrive dead and crushed, while fish caught with hooks and lines arrive alive. The use of humane post-harvest processing techniques improves the quality, shelf life, and price of the fish. Better prices are key to encouraging fishermen to abandon gillnets in favor of hook-and-line fishing. We support Pesca ABC in building local capacity to implement a Japanese humane technique known as Ike-Jime.

With support from YAQU PACHA and other donors, Pesca ABC has developed a catalog of techniques that do not rely on gillnets, with the aim of securing livelihoods and saving the vaquita from extinction. In the coming months, Pesca ABC will also collaborate with Mujeres Acuicolas del Mar de Cortés to establish an oyster farm as an alternative to gillnets. Additionally, Pesca ABC is working closely with a group of women who catch squid during the tidal season. By supporting these and other gillnet-free fishing methods, Pesca ABC is helping to save the vaquita.

Please take a moment to watch this video about the rescue of Amazon river dolphins in Venezuela.
Our biologist Yurasi Briceño from Proyecto Sotalia explains the collaborative efforts to rescue and protect this endangered dolphin species.
The goal of the rescue operation is to recover isolated dolphins and reintroduce them into their natural rivers. The initiative is a collaboration between Rio Verde, Proyecto Sotalia, Fundación Omacha, WWF, YAQU PACHA, and other organizations.

The 2024 Vaquita Expedition, featuring numerous experienced researchers, took place between May 5 and 26. The study area included the Zero Tolerance Zone (ZTZ) and a new Extension Zone (EZ). This year, 9 vaquitas were sighted, fewer than last year (16), but acoustic encounters increased from 61 to 70. The lower number of sightings in the ZTZ does not necessarily mean that the population is declining, as this represents only a small portion of its range.
The observers who conducted the expert survey did not see any calves, although a one-year-old vaquita was sighted. They believe there are likely still 6 to 8 vaquitas in 2024, with a lower probability of 9 to 11.
This estimate is lower than the 8 to 13 vaquitas sighted last year in the same area. However, all vaquitas sighted in 2024 appeared to be healthy.

One of the highlights of the Vaquita Expedition was a new, unique video featuring unprecedented drone footage. This innovative footage offers an unprecedented view of the vaquitas.

Dr. Barbara Taylor, who led the expedition, explained: “While these results are concerning, the area surveyed accounts for only 12% of the total range where vaquitas were observed in 2015. Since vaquitas move freely within the Vaquita Marine Protected Area, we need to expand our survey using acoustic tracking to determine where they are moving. Vaquitas outside the protected area—which is secured by concrete blocks with spikes —need protection from gillnets, which are their sole threat.”
YAQU PACHA has been working for several years to protect the vaquita locally, but also raises awareness in Europe through targeted campaigns about the fate of the species.

Large numbers of these concrete blocks with steel hooks were sunk in the Gulf of California to keep fishermen away from the vaquitas' habitats.

Last year, we launched PROYECTO SOTALIA, a project designed to track the distribution of river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) in Venezuela using satellite transmitters. The goal of the project is to gather information about the animals’ movements and identify priority areas for this species in order to develop concrete conservation measures.

As a result of climate change, periods of heavy rain and drought have led to an increase in river dolphin strandings. For this reason, we began this year to train local stakeholders and staff from environmental agencies (capacity building) so that they can respond effectively to these events and reduce mortality among this endangered species.

We were able to hold a training workshop at the El Hato El Cedral facility in Apure State. In this region of the Venezuelan lowlands, there are increasing reports of strandings during the summer season. The event therefore provided an opportunity to share experiences and provide appropriate tools for responding to these situations, which may become more frequent due to climate change.

Report PDF: YaquPacha_Report_HatoCedral_May2024

The team from YAQU PACHA Uruguay presented our joint work from June 6 to 9 at Expo Uruguay Sostenible, a major trade fair focused on environmental protection and sustainability. In addition to an information booth, the team gave several presentations on our projects to protect endangered dolphin species.
There were also numerous activities for children, who enthusiastically took part. They drew pictures, played games, and our dolphin masks were always on hand, much to the children’s delight. The media also took notice of our work and reported on our projects.
All in all, Expo Uruguay Sostenible was a very successful event, and the YAQU PACHA Uruguay team was able to make many new and interesting contacts.

During National Environment Week in Brazil, our partners at ECOLOGIA HUMANA DO OCEANO from the Federal University of Espírito Santo organized activities for children and visitors. During this week, the Environmental Education Fair took place in the municipality of Guarapari in the state of Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil, where our research was presented in a scientific exhibition. During Environmental Week, our partners organized games, videos, lectures, and educational activities about the Franciscana or Toninha dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) and the Sotalia dolphin (Sotalia guianensis), which are found in this region of the country.
The project presented is a partnership between ECOLOGIA HUMANA DO OCEANO, fishing communities, and schools.
YAQU PACHA has been supporting projects like this for several years. Collaboration in environmental education is important to inform society about anthropogenic impacts on dolphins.

Help us protect the Lahille bottlenose dolphin!
With only 600 individuals remaining, the Lahille bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) is threatened with extinction.
The non-governmental organization KAOSA, YAQU PACHA, the Nuremberg Zoo, and our partners are launching the Backbone Guardians campaign to raise awareness of this issue and raise funds for the urgent conservation measures outlined in our new 5-year action plan.

Watch our PSA video and share it!
Together, we can make a difference and save this unique species from extinction.

Our project to save Tursiops gephyreus is supported by:
ZOOMARINE – Algarve, Rancho Texas, Duisburg Zoo, National Marine Mammal Foundation, Fundación Oceanogràfic, Planète Sauvage, EAAM

We are pleased to share with you the results of the workshop on the human dimensions of small cetacean conservation, which took place in Nuremberg in December 2022. Our main goal was to examine the influence of human behavior, thought, and emotion on efforts to protect small whales. We discussed future challenges and opportunities and emphasized the importance of involving local communities and stakeholders.

It is clear that a holistic approach that takes social, economic, cultural, and political factors into account is essential. Collaboration is key! We must work hand in hand with conservation organizations, governments, and local communities, and adapt our strategies to changing needs and perspectives. Let us remember our key messages: Understanding human behavior is crucial for reducing the impact on the marine environment. Successful conservation requires a change in human behavior, and our efforts must benefit both dolphins and human communities.

Read the report here as a PDF: 50.3_vonFersen_22_Workshop

The workshop was made possible thanks to the support of YAQU PACHA, the Friends of Nuremberg Zoo Association, and Nuremberg Zoo.

This study assesses the impact of whale watching on the behavior of the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) and provides compelling evidence that this activity requires careful monitoring and regulation. The research conducted within the APA da Baleia Franca/ICMBio marine protected area and supported by YAQU PACHA e.V. has yielded invaluable insights that underscore the need for sustainable tourism practices.

Although whale watching is a popular ecotourism activity, it has been shown to have significant impacts on whale behavior and well-being when not properly managed. Through careful observation and data collection, this study examined the effects of whale-watching boats on various aspects of whale behavior. Modern tracking technologies and behavioral analysis methods were used to quantify the extent of human disturbance to the natural behavior of these marine mammals.

The conclusive findings of this assessment serve as a crucial basis for informed decisions regarding tourism management in the APA da Baleia Franca/ICMBio Marine Protected Area. It is imperative that stakeholders use this knowledge to implement targeted mitigation measures aimed at minimizing disturbance to southern right whales while simultaneously providing an enriching experience for tourists.

This research makes an important contribution to the overarching goal of promoting the sustainable coexistence of human activities and marine ecosystems. By identifying the impacts of whale watching and implementing responsible management strategies, we can not only work to protect the whales but also create new opportunities for the people who live in this area and must coexist with wildlife. In this way, we can preserve both biodiversity and the future of human populations.

The findings of this project will be incorporated into the master’s thesis of Daiane Manholer dos Santos, which is currently being conducted at the State University of Maringá (UEM) in Brazil. The project was supervised by Jonatas Prado and Arturo Andriolo.

Final Report: CAIPORA Institute, Brazil

On Friday, April 26, 2024, an informational evening featuring presentations on climate change will take place as part of the Ideas Forum at the Nicolaus Copernicus Planetarium in Nuremberg. Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (President of YAQU PACHA) will discuss the impact of climate change on species conservation and explain the role of zoos in this effort.
Doors open at 5:00 p.m. – Admission is free.
Please register for the event by emailing info@bionicum.de or by calling 0911 650845-00
We look forward to your interest and participation.

In collaboration with YAQU PACHA and other organizations, PESCA ABC has taken an important step toward protecting marine life by publishing a fish guide that reflects our commitment to sustainability and environmental conservation. This fish guide is not merely a list of species, but also a testament to our efforts to preserve marine resources in a responsible and ethical manner.
One of the most notable features of this catalog is that all the fish it contains come from selective and sustainable fishing practices. In a region where the Vaquita is struggling to survive due to the use of gillnets, has PESCA ABC are required not to use this method, which carries a high risk of bycatch. Instead, they have opted for selective fishing techniques that minimize the impact on non-target species and ensure the protection of endangered marine life.
The catalog also reflects the inclusivity and gender equality within our community. Both men and women are actively involved in every stage of the process, from fishing to marketing. We recognize and value the contribution of every individual, regardless of gender, to the conservation of our natural resources.
To ensure compliance with the regulations regarding Protection of the VaquitaTo ensure the protection of turtles and non-target species, the catalog is backed by certifications that confirm a commitment to responsible fishing practices. Last but not least, we promote the use of the Japanese IKE-JIME technique for the humane slaughter of fish in our catalog. This quick and humane method guarantees the quality and freshness of the fish while respecting animal welfare. By introducing this technique, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical principles in all phases of fishing activities.
In short, the launch of this fish catalog is not just an event, but an important milestone in our fight to protect the oceans. It reflects our shared commitment to sustainability, gender equality, compliance with regulations, and respect for all marine life. We invite everyone to join us on the journey toward a future where we can enjoy the bounty of the sea without jeopardizing its integrity.
This fish guide to Protection of the Vaquita was made possible thanks to the support of Alumbra Innovations Foundation, Cetacean Action Fund, Oceans 5, Marisla Foundation, Association of Zoos and Aquariums – Safe program, The Living Desert – Zoo and Gardens, implemented by Yaqu Pacha e.V.

Fish Guide (PDF): ABC Fishing Species Catalog (Final Version)

Two weeks ago, an important workshop was held to develop a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for the Lahille bottlenose dolphin. Organized by KAOSA and attended by numerous stakeholders, including scientists, conservationists, and government officials, the workshop was a crucial step toward ensuring the long-term survival of this endangered dolphin species.

Over the course of two days, participants engaged in intensive discussions, data analysis, and joint planning sessions. The workshop began with comprehensive presentations on the current status of Lahille’s dolphin populations, their conservation status, and the various threats they face, including habitat destruction, pollution, and bycatch.
The workshop concluded with a sense of optimism and a renewed commitment to joint conservation efforts. As the draft CMP will be further refined and consulted upon in the coming months, the workshop stands as a testament to the power of international cooperation. YAQU PACHA, as an NGO, strongly supports this CMP and is already engaged in implementing several projects that we have outlined in the five-year action plan.

A Creative Approach to Species Conservation
In 2023, a groundbreaking step was taken in the fight against illegal fishing. By introducing innovative concrete blocks with steel hooks into the habitat of the endangered vaquitas, fishing nets were effectively trapped, reducing the deadly impact on the species. This step marks a turning point in the protection of the vaquitas, as illegal fishing declined by around 90 percent for the first time. There is renewed hope for the future of the critically endangered vaquitas in the Gulf of California.
This innovative method not only protects the vaquitas but also sends a global message: creative approaches and collaboration can yield effective solutions to complex environmental problems.

The conservation of biodiversity remains an urgent imperative for the health of our planet. In light of the growing challenges posed by human-caused problems, the conservation of every single species is becoming a critical priority. The Lahille bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops gephyreus), of which there are now no more than 600 individuals remaining, faces growing threats from habitat destruction, pollution, bycatch, and climate change, underscoring the urgent need for concerted conservation efforts.

In light of the Lahille bottlenose dolphin’s endangered status, YAQU PACHA and the Nuremberg Zoo, in collaboration with theGephyreus Working Group from Brazil, have launched a strategic initiative that was announced just a few days ago. The goal of this collaboration was to establish research priorities and coordinate conservation efforts to ensure the species’ survival.

The comprehensive strategy, which follows the recommendations of the Integrated Conservation Planning for Cetaceans (ICPC), is the result of extensive consultations, reviews, and expert input. Five strategic areas have been identified: (1) scientific research and conservation, (2) legislation and policy, (3) communication, public relations, and awareness-raising, (4) institutional strengthening and education, and (5) citizen science.

After careful consideration, the researchers compiled a portfolio of projects aligned with each strategic priority, taking into account factors such as feasibility, impact, and stakeholder engagement. Of the 26 key projects, eight were classified as high priority, reflecting the strategic focus on initiatives with the potential for significant impact on nature conservation.

This five-year strategic plan underscores the commitment to addressing the many challenges facing the Lahille bottlenose dolphins. By promoting international cooperation, strengthening stakeholder engagement, and setting priorities for targeted actions, stakeholders remain firmly committed to protecting this highly endangered species.

“This document is the most important foundation for a well-thought-out conservation strategy, and if we succeed in implementing the various projects, we can be certain that the Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) will have a future,” said Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen, chairman of YAQU PACHA and curator of research and conservation at Nuremberg Zoo.

Action Plan for Lahille Dolphin (PDF)

Veterinarians from around the world gathered in Valencia and later in the Canary Islands (Spain) for a training event on the health assessment, rescue, and relocation of endangered river dolphins.
The workshop, organized by the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF) in collaboration with Oceanogràfic Valencia and the University of Las Palmas, provided intensive training in health assessment techniques, including physical examination, biological sampling, and diagnostic ultrasound in line with the One Health approach.
This specialized workshop focused not only on assessing the health status of river dolphins but also on collecting data essential for species conservation during rescue and relocation operations. Experts working with YAQU PACHA on river dolphin conservation in Colombia and Brazil also participated in the event, which offered an unprecedented opportunity for global collaboration, mutual learning, and capacity building.
This international collaboration is expected to foster new relationships and partnerships that are crucial for the conservation of this endangered dolphin species.

Read the full report on the workshop here

Habitat destruction, overfishing, increasing health impacts from pollutants, and bycatch are threatening the survival of the Lahille dolphin, the most endangered dolphin species in the Southwestern Atlantic. An article about our work to protect the critically endangered Lahille’s dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) was published in the science section of the Uruguayan newspaper“La diaria.”Our project to save the last 600 remaining animals covers the entire range of this dolphin species, from Brazil to Uruguay.

Read the article here as a PDF…

20231127 La Diaria: Regional News

There is hope for the critically endangered vaquita, as this year’s counts show an encouraging trend: for the first time, the population is no longer declining. More than a year ago, the Mexican government began placing concrete blocks with steel hooks in the vaquita’s protected area in the Gulf of California. These measures have had a significant impact, reducing illegal fishing by 90%. Fishermen are now avoiding this area for fear of losing their nets. Due to the success of this measure, the protected area is now being expanded. The Mexican government plans to sink another 152 concrete blocks with steel hooks in the coming months.

We warmly welcome this extremely promising development and are also actively collaborating with Pesca ABC to develop and implement alternative fishing methods that ensure vaquitas no longer end up as bycatch in the nets.

Combined CSG Letter and Analysis Regarding the Vaquita and CITES SC 2023

Climate change has led to extensive restructuring of the world’s oceans. Marine organisms have responded to new conditions through various biological mechanisms, including genomic adaptations. The increasing availability of next-generation DNA sequencing methods for studying non-model species has recently made it possible to investigate the genomic changes underlying environmental adaptations. This study used double-digest restriction site-associated DNA (ddRAD) sequence data to investigate the genomic basis of ecotype formation among currently recognized species and subspecies of bottlenose dolphins (genus Tursiops) in the Southern Hemisphere.

Genomic divergence at the subspecies level has been confirmed between the coastal common bottlenose dolphin (T. truncatus truncatus) and the coastal Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin (T. t. gephyreus) in the southwestern Atlantic (SWAO). Similarly, divergence at the subspecies level is suspected between the coastal (eastern Australia) Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (T. aduncus) and the proposed Burrunan bottlenose dolphin (T. australis) from southern Australia. Coastal bottlenose dolphins generally exhibited lower genomic diversity than offshore lineages, a pattern that was particularly evident in T. t. gephyreus, which showed exceptionally low diversity. Genomic regions associated with cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and energy production systems appear to have undergone repeated adaptive evolution in nearshore lineages in the Southern Hemisphere. We hypothesize that comparable selective pressures in the nearshore environment have driven similar adaptive responses in each lineage, thereby supporting the parallel evolution of nearshore bottlenose dolphins. As climate change alters marine ecosystems worldwide, it is crucial to gain an understanding of the adaptability of local species and populations.
Our study provides insights into key adaptive pathways that may be important for the long-term survival of whales and other organisms in a changing marine environment.

Genomic Divergence and the Evolution of Ecotypes in Bottlenose Dolphins (Genus Tursiops)

Bycatch is the greatest threat to many dolphin species and populations worldwide. The La Plata dolphin, or Franciscana—Toninha—is a species for which bycatch has reached unsustainable levels in some regions. To address this problem, we are actively working alongside our partners to develop practical solutions.
A promising initial approach involves attaching empty (air-filled) PET bottles to fishing nets. These bottles produce a strong echo when dolphins use their echolocation and approach the net.

The preliminary results of this approach are encouraging, although further testing is needed to statistically confirm this positive trend. If successful, this simple and cost-effective solution to a serious problem could represent an important step toward reducing bycatch. Furthermore, this method could also be applied in other regions of the world where similar challenges exist in dealing with other dolphin species.

Our partner GEMARS in Brazil has recognized that the success of such projects is only possible through close collaboration with the fishing community. Raising awareness among the local population about the urgency and effectiveness of such measures is therefore a central part of their work.

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen signed a cooperation agreement with GEMARS on behalf of YAQU PACHA during a meeting with our partners in Brazil, outlining collaboration in the fields of education, science, technology, and culture.
Close cooperation with local organizations in South America is crucial for the successful implementation of our projects.
There were also discussions with fishermen participating in our joint activities to reduce dolphin bycatch. Currently, objects (empty plastic bottles) are being tested in the fishing nets so that the nets can be detected and avoided by dolphins. This is a cost-effective alternative to acoustic signals (pingers).

As an organization based in Germany, Rafael Gessinger, President and Undersecretary for Justice and Institutional Integrity at the Secretariat for Justice, Citizenship, and Human Rights (SJCDH), welcomed Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen—representing the Nuremberg Zoo and YAQU PACHA—for a meeting to discuss potential collaboration.
The occasion was the events marking the 200th anniversary of German immigration to Brazil.
Dr. von Fersen has been working with YAQU PACHA and Brazilian institutions for over 25 years and conducts research on the conservation of aquatic mammals. One of the species at the center of this binational collaboration is the La Plata dolphin—Franciscana— Toninha, an endangered dolphin species found only in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina.
The visit was divided into two parts. Dr. von Fersen was introduced to the management and conservation programs of the Sapucaia do Sul Zoo, which include native species such as the giant anteater, the maned wolf, and the jaguar. On site, Dr. von Fersen was welcomed by biologist Eduardo Polanczyk da Silva and the head of the State Secretariat for the Environment and Infrastructure (SEMA), Caroline Weissheimer Gomes.
Also on Wednesday, Gessinger and Professor Paulo Ott from the State University of Rio Grande do Sul (Uergs) welcomed von Fersen at the Fernando Ferrari Administrative Center (CAFF). On this occasion, the plans for celebrating the 200th anniversary of German immigration and the structure of future partnerships were presented. There are plans to raise awareness of YAQU PACHA’s work and projects through various informational events in Brazil.

The La Plata dolphin —Franciscana—Toninha (Pontoporia blainvillei) is one of the most endangered dolphin species in the world. Twenty-five years ago, YAQU PACHA began researching this dolphin species in collaboration with Prof. Eduardo Secchi and has since developed various conservation measures to preserve the Franciscana – Toninha population across its entire range, from Brazil through Uruguay to Argentina.
Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen met with Prof. Eduardo Secchi from the Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG) to discuss future strategies for the conservation of the species.

The dry season is part of the ecological cycle in the Amazon region, but due to the current historic drought, some of the shallow and even deeper areas of Lake Tefé in Brazil reached a temperature of 39°C. On September 3, Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) and Tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis) began washing up dead in the Lago Tefé region. The peak was reached on September 28, with 70 dead animals. A total of 154 dead dolphins had been found by September. At that point, the Mamirauá Institute contacted the organization YAQU PACHA, which immediately asked its partners for help and assembled a network of volunteers to supplement the rescue efforts on site.
YAQU PACHA, in collaboration with Aiuká, NMMF, and IFAW, immediately established a rescue team for the Amazon river dolphins and tucuxi in Tefé.
Below is the report as a PDF and an overview of the actions taken by these teams…

River Dolphin Rescue Operation: Tefe, Aiuka-YaquPacha

The Teams:
YAQU PACHA in partnership with Aiuká:
Rodolfo Silva, Waleska Gravena
International Fund for Animal Welfare (ifaw):
Sarah Sharp, Kira Kasper
National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF):
Forrest Gomez, Jammy Eichman, Eric Franks

To preserve biodiversity and protect whales and dolphins, the European Parliament hosted an expert meeting in Brussels.
Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (Chairman of YAQU PACHA) was invited to this event and reported on our projects to reduce bycatch of dolphin species such as the critically endangered La Plata dolphin —Franciscana—and our strategies for avoiding bycatch. In this work, YAQU PACHA collaborates closely with fishermen and fishing communities.
The event was initiated by MEP Gabriel Mato and the Loro Parque Foundation in collaboration with the IUCN Species Survival Commission and WAZA. In addition to researchers Javier Almunia Portolés, Boris Culik, and Lorenzo von Fersen, Martin Böye, the scientific director of our partner Planète Sauvage, presented the collaboration between zoos and research institutions as well as with fishermen. He reported on the strategies developed to counteract the bycatch of dolphins and whales in fishing nets. Professor Boris Culik presented the results of his work on protecting dolphins using acoustic signals (pingers) to keep dolphins away from fishing nets.
We are very pleased that our organization is involved in such important European Parliament projects for the conservation of biodiversity.

At the initiative of ICMBio and the Instituto Mamirauá, our joint rescue operation for the river dolphins in Lake Tefé in Brazil was launched. So far, 154 dead dolphins have been counted, and all signs point to the extremely high water temperatures of 39 degrees Celsius being the cause of the mass die-off of the river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) and (Sotalia fluviatilis).

Rescue teams from our partners, consisting of veterinarians and biologists, are on site and monitoring the condition of the dolphin population. Dolphins showing signs of illness can be taken to a specially prepared tank for treatment. The main task is to keep the dolphins away from areas with high water temperatures to ensure their survival. To this end, fences made of wooden stakes, nets, and acoustic signals (pingers) are being used. The teams on site are taking turns, and veterinarians and biologists from our partners in Spain, Portugal, and Argentina will soon arrive at Lago Tefé to support the teams on site.

YAQU PACHA is providing significant financial resources for the rescue operation, assisting with the coordination of rescue teams, and maintaining constant contact with our local partners.
Significant financial resources are needed to carry out the rescue operation. You can support us in saving the river dolphins in Lake Tefé by making a donation…

Report by ICMBio and Instituto Mamirauá

Technical Report: Operation Botos Tefé 

TECHNICAL BULLETIN_Oct 27, 2023

The rescue operation for the river dolphins in Lake Tefé in Brazil is being carried out in collaboration with the following organizations…

During Knowledge Week at the Federal University of Espírito Santo in Brazil, our partners from Ecologia Humana do Oceano educated children and interested visitors about dolphins and our projects.
There was also an area where our research was presented in a scientific exhibition. The focus was on the ethnobiology of the dolphin Sotalia guianensis in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The project presented is a partnership between Ecologia Humana do Oceano and fishing communities.
YAQU PACHA has been supporting projects like this for several years. Collaboration with fishermen and fishing communities is essential to reducing dolphin bycatch.

A dramatic mass die-off of river dolphins is currently taking place in the central Brazilian Amazon region. Dr. Miriam Marmontel, an experienced researcher at the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, highlights the gravity of the situation: “We counted 130 dead dolphins in the last week alone.” About 80% of these are the typical Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis), while the remaining 20% are Tucuxi dolphins (Sotalia fluviatilis). In total, this represents about 10% of the known population in Lake Tefé. “Such a high percentage of losses among Amazon river dolphins is alarming. If these numbers escalate, we could be facing the potential extinction of the species in Lago Tefé,” warns Dr. Marmontel. She leads the research into the causes in Brazil and is taking important steps to protect the surviving animals, many of which are in dire straits.
But this cannot be done alone; it requires collaboration with others.

In this urgent matter, YAQU PACHA is working alongside our partners, Dr. Marmontel and her team, to save the remaining river dolphins and conduct a comprehensive scientific investigation into the causes of this tragic mass die-off. The alarmingly high mortality rate is currently attributed to rising water temperatures, which have reached an alarming 40 degrees Celsius in some areas.

YAQU PACHA, in collaboration with the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF) and Nuremberg Zoo, has developed an emergency plan to support Dr. Marmontel and her team in their efforts to save the remaining river dolphins and conduct a comprehensive scientific investigation into the causes of these tragic deaths. It is important to emphasize that this emergency plan is a joint effort supported by a wide range of institutions, including YAQU PACHA, the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF), Nuremberg Zoo, ZOOMARINE Portugal, L’Oceanografic Valencia, Planète Sauvage, LORO PARQUE Fundación, the Association of Friends of Nuremberg Zoo (Verein der Tiergartenfreunde Nürnberg e.V.), the European Association for Aquatic Mammals (EAAM), Fundación MUNDO MARINO Argentina, and Rancho Texas.
All of these organizations have joined forces to support this vital rescue operation by jointly providing essential financial resources and dispatching qualified veterinarians from the U.S. and European zoos. Our joint efforts also include coordinating on-site veterinary care.

The survival of the remaining river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis and Sotalia fluviatilis) is under acute threat, and they urgently need our help to preserve the population in Lake Tefé.

We kindly ask you to support us in this important effort with a donation. Your contribution will play a crucial role in saving these dolphins’ lives.

Donation account:

Account holder: YAQU PACHA e.V.
IBAN: DE91 7605 0101 0001 1416 38
BIC: SSKNDE77XXX
Bank: Sparkasse Nürnberg
Reference: Donation for the rescue of Tefe river dolphins

Amazon Dolphin Project | Manatee | Latin America Team | Environmental Education

Dia da Toninha – Today is International Franciscana Dolphin Day – Franciscana – Toninha.
The Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) – Toninha (Brazil) and Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) are the most endangered dolphin species in South America.
Franciscana dolphins live in the coastal waters from Brazil through Uruguay to Argentina, and YAQU PACHA has been working since 1996 to protect this dolphin species and prevent its extinction.
Together with other partners, the Consorcio Franciscana was also established several years ago to work more effectively with other partners on the protection of this endangered species.
Together with biologists and scientists from Brazil and Uruguay, for example, we were able to successfully conduct the first aerial surveys in 2023 to determine the population of the La Plata dolphin – Delfín Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) in Uruguay.
October 1—Dia da Toninha—is the day to raise awareness together about the situation of these animals, and YAQU PACHA will continue to work tirelessly for the protection and conservation of this endangered dolphin species.

Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (Chairman of YAQU PACHA) was honored yesterday with the EAZA Lifetime Achievement Award for his work and contributions to the conservation of endangered aquatic mammal species in Latin America.
Dr. von Fersen also presented our projects for the protection of the endangered Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus) at the conference
We are very, very proud! Congratulations, Lorenzo von Fersen!

Our partners from PROYECTO SOTALIA, led by Yurasi Briceño, and the Fundación OMACHA, led by our colleague Fernando Trujillo, are currently on the Río Casiquiare in Venezuela to survey the Inia population (Inia geoffrensis) and determine its size using river transects. This is the first time an expedition has been conducted to study Inias in this river. To date, nothing is known about the population size and distribution of Inias in this river system. The data is crucial for determining the conservation status of Inias in Venezuela and developing appropriate measures to protect this dolphin species.

The Casiquiare River connects South America’s two major river basins, the Orinoco and the Amazon. This first expedition is a joint effort with Colombian colleagues in collaboration with government and academic institutions. Data will be collected on the population size, movement patterns, and health status of Inia geoffrensis. The Río Casiquiare is one of the most pristine, species-rich, and least-explored areas in the Venezuelan Amazon, and every contribution to our knowledge of this region is valuable.

Have you met Fafá and Juba, the baby whales?
Our partners at ECOLOGIA HUMANA DO OCEANO have created a new children’s book about humpback and right whales and published it as an eBook.
This book uses a playful approach to teach children about the lives of whales along the Brazilian coast through the two calf whales, Fafá and Juba, and provides age-appropriate information about these species. The book also includes games and little puzzles.
You can download the book for free as a PDF from the ECOLOGIA HUMANA DO OCEANO website.
The children’s book was created with the support of YAQU PACHA. Environmental education is an important component of all YAQU PACHA projects.
DOWNLOAD PDF

Our biologist, Prof. Eduardo Secchi, has published an article in collaboration with other scientists on the feeding habits of the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) and the sub-Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis). The study shows how the feeding habits of these two species have changed over the years, with the animals partially shifting their diet from fish to squid. This is likely due to the ongoing overfishing of their prey fish by industrial fisheries. Additionally, an increased ingestion of marine debris, particularly flexible plastic material, by the animals was observed. The long-term study underlying this article was supported by YAQU PACHA. For YAQU PACHA, scientific findings are the most important foundation for developing sustainable species conservation measures.

de Lima et al. (2023) Feeding habits of South American and sub-Antarctic fur seals

For decades, news about the vaquita (Phocoena sinus) has become increasingly disheartening, as the number of animals has declined year after year. Now there is new hope, as the latest estimate of the vaquita population in the upper Gulf of California in Mexico has revealed that the current population of the species stands at 10 to 13 individuals, including one or two calves. This means that, compared to previous surveys, no additional animals have been lost; perhaps the population has grown by a few individuals. It is important to note that these figures are estimates.

The survey was conducted by the Cetacean Specialist Group of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in May 2023 in the Gulf of California (https://iucn-csg.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Vaquita-Survey-2023-Main-Report.pdf).

The vaquita population has fallen to a critical level, primarily due to illegal fishing for shrimp and totoaba, another critically endangered species. It is important to note that between 1997 and 2008, the vaquita population declined from 567 to 245 individuals. Later, from 2008 to 2015, the vaquita’s decline rate rose from 8% to 45% per year. The most recent estimate in 2021 assumed that there were only seven or eight adult animals and one or two calves remaining.

To save the vaquita from extinction, fishing has been banned in a so-called zero-tolerance zone in the northern part of the Gulf of California, yet illegal fishing continues there. In August 2022, the Mexican Navy deployed 193 concrete blocks equipped with three-meter-high metal hooks in the area, designed to snag fishing nets. In addition, the Mexican Navy has collaborated with the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society and other organizations to closely monitor fishing activities, which has led to a 90 percent reduction in fishing within the zero-tolerance zone, according to the study.

“The concrete blocks, combined with enforcement within the ZTA, appear to be an effective means of preventing gillnets,” according to the IUCN report. “Based on this year’s results, expanding the use of concrete blocks and hooks to other areas where vaquitas are known to forage is an urgent priority.”

It is equally important to find solutions for fishermen who need to find a way to make a living. The nongovernmental organization Pesca Alternativa de Baja California (Pesca ABC) is dedicated to finding such solutions by developing alternative fishing techniques that do not use gillnets and by helping fishermen create markets for their vaquita-friendly seafood products.

For seven years, YAQU PACHA and the Nuremberg Zoo have been supporting various NGOs such as Vaquita CPR, Pesca ABC, and Museo de la Ballena, which work tirelessly to protect the vaquita. This is therefore a first ray of hope for all of us—the first in decades—ultimately thanks to the perseverance of the many people who are committed to protecting the vaquita. It would be wrong to say that the vaquita is saved; we are far from that. Rather, it is important to use this news as an opportunity to continue working to protect the species.

For more than 20 years, YAQU PACHA’s activities have focused on the conservation of the endangered Lahille’s bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops gephyreus). To this end, YAQU PACHA works throughout the species’ range, from southern Brazil to Uruguay and Argentina. Below, we present the latest activity report from the research group in Uruguay.

Report: report_gephyreus_uruguay_2022

YAQU PACHA Coffee in partnership with Don Roberto Coffee – Climate protection is species conservation – Climate-neutral specialty coffee from Costa Rica.
We are delighted about the partnership and support from Don Roberto Coffee, which promotes species conservation and supports our important work on the ground in Latin America.
YAQU PACHA has been carrying out species conservation projects in Latin America for over 30 years, with the goal of protecting animal species while involving the local population. YAQU PACHA’s goal is to work together with local people to find solutions for the protection of endangered animal species.
When you purchase a package , a donation of 2 EUR is automatically made to YAQU PACHA, directly benefiting our species conservation projects.
You can order online at…

https://donrobertocoffee.com

Our partners at ECOLOGIA HUMANA DO OCEANO from the Federal University of Espírito Santo in Brazil have been collaborating on Brazilian government programs for several weeks. At a legislative assembly of the state of Espírito Santo, they presented our joint research with fishing communities and dolphins, such as the La Plata dolphin —Franciscana—Toninha. Knowledge and collaboration with traditional fishermen are crucial for reducing dolphin bycatch. The presentations also featured and discussed findings on the impacts of marine debris on dolphins. We are pleased that our joint work is now being recognized by the Brazilian government and is influencing legislation to protect endangered dolphin species.

Bycatch in fishing nets is by far the greatest threat to many dolphin species. Although various methods have been developed and implemented to reduce bycatch, there is still much debate about the effectiveness of these measures—especially in the long term.

Against this backdrop, a small meeting was held on the weekend of May 6–7, 2023, at Nuremberg Zoo, bringing together scientists from Germany, France, Brazil, and Argentina. The meeting was organized at the invitation of YAQU PACHA, which also covered the costs. The aim of this meeting was to analyze the methods currently in use and to examine how and to what extent these methods can be applied to the bycatch problem in two regions. On the one hand, in France, where the focus is on industrial fishing, but where other coastal fisheries using gillnets also cause high bycatch rates of small whales.

The second project discussed at the conference concerns the dolphin species most affected by bycatch in the South Atlantic: the Franciscana. Under the direction of Dr. Federico Sucunza, a pilot project is currently underway to test methods for reducing bycatch.

All participants agreed that both projects deserve the attention of experts and pledged to collaborate in the search for solutions. In the case of Franciscana in particular, a four-year project is now being developed based on the weekend’s discussions to test four different methods for reducing bycatch in a bycatch hotspot.
Initial proposals to secure the necessary funding have already been prepared. Another major follow-up meeting is planned.

Local ecological knowledge of the Toninha–Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) among fishermen in southeastern and southern Brazil

The research group Ecologia Humana do Oceano, based at the Federal University of Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil, conducted a study with traditional fishermen in the Southwestern Atlantic on the Toninha—or Franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei). The research team conducted interviews in ten fishing communities in southeastern and southern Brazil.

Most fishermen who fish in the Franciscana dolphin’s range were unable to identify this species. The fishermen who recognized the Franciscana dolphin explain that this dolphin is accidentally caught as bycatch in gillnets. Typically, the carcasses are thrown overboard, but the fat and muscle can be used as bait for shark fishing and for human consumption. These fishermen are unaware of any solutions to reduce the accidental capture of Franciscana dolphins.

The extent to which fishermen can identify the Toninha and provide data on it depends on their direct encounters with the animals. Consequently, local knowledge is influenced by the species’ presence in fishing grounds, the type of fishing gear used, and the characteristics of the habitat (protected areas versus the open sea). These conditions facilitate or hinder the observation of and contact with the Toninha, whose physical and behavioral characteristics already sufficiently limit its visibility in the environment.

The fishermen’s knowledge of the Toninha was compared across the regions studied, and the researchers found that fishermen in the south of the country are more familiar with the species than those in southeastern Brazil. The results of this study suggest that awareness-raising measures regarding this species are needed in the fishing communities studied, particularly in the southeast of the country, where the Toninha is less well known.

When conditions were favorable for identifying the species, the fishermen were able to describe its characteristics and provide information on its interactions with fisheries. Local ecological knowledge thus proves to be a useful tool for collecting data on Franciscana dolphin populations that overlap with fishing areas in the western South Atlantic.

It has been proven that Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) is invaluable for wildlife conservation, as it contributes to a holistic understanding of ecosystems, improves conservation planning and management, and promotes cultural preservation and the empowerment of local communities. By integrating LEK with other scientific findings, a more inclusive and effective approach to species conservation emerges, ensuring the long-term well-being of both wildlife and local communities. Against this backdrop, YAQU PACHA is strengthening its commitment and involvement in LEK projects.

You can also read the publication as a PDF: Local ecological knowledge of fishers from southern and southeastern Brazil about the Franciscana dolphin Pontoporia blainvillei: Strategies for conservation

The study was funded by YAQU PACHA e.V.

The Franciscana Dolphin Count in Uruguay – A Challenge
The Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is a small dolphin native to the coastal waters of Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Franciscanas live mainly in coastal waters beyond the surf zone down to a depth of 50 m, though they are also found in some bays and estuaries. The species is considered the most endangered dolphin species in South America, due to incidental mortality in artisanal and industrial fisheries as well as increasing habitat destruction. On the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Franciscana is currently classified as “Endangered,” and Uruguay’s National System of Protected Natural Areas (SNAP) considers it a priority species for conservation. Four Franciscana Management Areas (FMAs) have been proposed, of which FMA III in Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) and along the Uruguayan coast has the highest bycatch estimates. In the past, Franciscanas were killed in relatively large numbers in Uruguay (nearly 4,000 individuals between 1974 and 1993) and more recently in both Uruguay and Brazil (annual mortality of approximately 1,000–2,000 individuals). Estimating the stock size in this region is therefore important for assessing the potential impact of this high fishing-related mortality on the stock. To date, the stock has only been estimated in the Brazilian part of FMA III, and no reliable estimates are available for Uruguayan waters.

From March 1 to April 4, 2023, aerial surveys were conducted in Uruguayan waters with the support of YAQU PACHA to estimate the population of Franciscana dolphins and document the species’ distribution. The search for Franciscana pods was conducted from a twin-engine Aerocommander 500B high-wing aircraft at a nearly constant altitude of 150 m (500 ft) and at a speed of 170–200 km/h (~90–110 knots).

Three survey regions were proposed: i) Uruguayan offshore waters (30–50 m) (UY-Offshore stratum), ii) Uruguayan coastal waters (0–30 m) (UY-Inshore stratum), and iii) the estuary of the Río de la Plata in Uruguay (UY-Río de la Plata stratum). A total of 2,629 km of transects were surveyed across a total area of 49,483 km², and a total of 53 Franciscana groups with an average group size of 1.8 individuals were recorded. The total density was estimated at 0.606 individuals/km², and the abundance for the entire area at 30,011 individuals (95% CI = 15,304–58,852). In contrast, aerial surveys along the southern coast of Brazil (a sector that is part of FMA III) covered a total area of 30,859 km², and the total density was estimated at 0.426 individuals/km² and the abundance at 13,137 individuals (95% CI = 7,037 – 24,526). Although the high abundance estimated for FMA III in this study might indicate a healthy status of this stock, the bycatch estimates for FMA III were the highest among all FMAs. This is the first study in which a complete aerial survey was conducted in FMA III and an estimate of abundance (43,148 individuals with 95% CI = 23,786 – 78,271) and density (0.537 individuals/km²) for the entire stock, as well as previously unknown density and abundance values for Uruguayan waters. Continued monitoring of the population through aerial surveys is crucial for better understanding the effects of bycatch and other sources of unrecorded mortality on the population dynamics of Franciscana dolphins living in Uruguayan waters.

Uruguayan research team: Valentina Franco-Trecu, Cecilia Passadore, Caterina Dimitriadis

Brazilian research team: Federico Sucunza, Daniel Danilewicz, Emanuel Ferreira, Martin S. Perez, Alexandre N. Zerbini

We are pleased to present our friend Ralf Kiefner’s new book, *Whales and Dolphins*, today.

Whales and dolphins are the most popular marine mammals, and hardly anyone knows their fascinating world better than diver, author, and photographer Ralf Kiefner. In his book, he now presents all 93 species—in a scientifically sound yet accessible way—complete with photos, drawings, and detailed descriptions. The profiles provide information on behavior, diet, and reproduction, as well as distribution ranges and hot spots for whale watching. Information on historical, cultural, and mythological contexts, along with details on the species’ endangerment, round out this comprehensive nature guide.

Ralf Kiefner has been diving for 50 years. For more than 30 years, he has worked successfully as an author, wildlife and underwater photographer, cameraman, and producer for television productions. Magazines and TV stations around the world have published his work. His shark documentary “Beyond Fear” was groundbreaking, and his book “Whales and Dolphins Around the World” is considered a standard reference work.

Whales and Dolphins –Ralf Kiefner – ISBN: 978-3-440-16339-9

Franckh-Kosmos Publishing 336 pages, 247 color photos, 229 color illustrations

D: 42 EUR (A: 43.20 EUR, CH: 54.90 CHF)

Humpback whales migrate to tropical waters with temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 degrees Celsius to mate and give birth, where ocean warming could now lead to a shift in their range. Using data from regional surveys and 20 years of observations in a tropical and subtropical breeding area off the coast of Ecuador, we show that while the whales prefer the tropical breeding area off Esmeraldas, whale sightings in the cooler subtropical breeding area increase under warmer (ENSO – El Niño) conditions. Our results suggest that under ENSO conditions, humpback whales may reach the limits of their temperature tolerance in the warm tropical waters around Esmeraldas, whereas under La Niña conditions, cooler areas such as Peru and Manabí are less suitable, prompting the whales to migrate further north.

YAQU PACHA has supported this work for many years, and now this article by Judith Denkinger has been published.

Video about her work with humpback whales on YouTube

YAQU PACHA is participating in the EAAM conference in Valencia, Spain, and played a key role in organizing the Conservation Round Table. Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen will present our species conservation projects there and also introduce our new campaign to protect the last 600 remaining Lahille’s bottlenose dolphins.

From left to right: Dr. Daniel Garcia Parraga (Scientific Director of L’Oceanografic, Valencia), Martin Böye (Elected President of EAAM), and Dr. Lorenzo von Fersen (Chairman of YAQU PACHA) at the launch of YAQU PACHA’s new campaign to save the last 600 remaining Lahille’s bottlenose dolphins.